Wildflower Archive
Zebra swallowtail (Protographium marcellus)
Arthur Windsor · CC BY (iNaturalist)

Pollinator

Zebra swallowtail

Protographium marcellus

Bold black-and-white stripes and the longest tails of any local butterfly.

Family
Papilionidae (swallowtails)
Wingspan
2.5 to 4 in (6.3 to 10 cm)
Flight season
Spring to fall
Range
Eastern United States
Caterpillar food
Pawpaw (Asimina)
Conservation
Secure and widespread

Marked with bold black-and-white stripes and the longest tails of any North American butterfly, trailing red and blue, the zebra swallowtail is unmistakable and elegant.

It flies near its host, in moist woodlands and along river bottoms in the East, nectaring on blueberry, blackberry, and other early flowers.

Zebra swallowtail caterpillar
The caterpillar feeds only on pawpaw. Bea Leiderman · CC BY (iNaturalist)

Caterpillars feed only on pawpaw (Asimina), so this striking butterfly follows the pawpaw range.

Plants for the zebra swallowtail

22 native plants with documented flower-visit records. Narrow with the filters below.

22 plants

Eastern redbud1 of 3
Eastern redbud Cercis canadensis
Butterfly milkweed1 of 2
Butterfly milkweed Asclepias tuberosa
Wild bergamot1 of 3
Wild bergamot Monarda fistulosa
Anise hyssop1 of 3
Anise hyssop Agastache foeniculum
Dense blazing star1 of 2
Dense blazing star Liatris spicata
Buttonbush1 of 2
Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
Devil's walkingstick
Devil's walkingstick Aralia spinosa
New England aster1 of 2
New England aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
Sweet Pepperbush1 of 2
Sweet Pepperbush Clethra alnifolia
Foxglove beardtongue1 of 2
Foxglove beardtongue Penstemon digitalis
Virginia bluebells1 of 3
Virginia bluebells Mertensia virginica
Pickerelweed1 of 2
Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata
False indigo bush1 of 2
False indigo bush Amorpha fruticosa
Spreading dogbane1 of 2
Spreading dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium
Sparkleberry1 of 2
Sparkleberry Vaccinium arboreum
Dutchman's breeches1 of 2
Dutchman's breeches Dicentra cucullaria
Eastern bluestar1 of 2
Eastern bluestar Amsonia tabernaemontana
Bottlebrush buckeye1 of 2
Bottlebrush buckeye Aesculus parviflora
Hoary vervain1 of 2
Hoary vervain Verbena stricta
Spotted horsemint1 of 3
Spotted horsemint Monarda punctata
Narrowleaf mountainmint
Narrowleaf mountainmint Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
Flowering spurge
Flowering spurge Euphorbia corollata

Sources