Wildflower Archive
Viceroy (Limenitis archippus)
CC0 · iNaturalist

Pollinator

Viceroy

Limenitis archippus

The monarch look-alike of wet meadows, told by a line across the hindwing.

Family
Nymphalidae (admirals)
Wingspan
2.5 to 3.4 in (6.3 to 8.6 cm)
Flight season
Spring to fall
Range
Across the United States and southern Canada
Caterpillar food
Willows and poplars
Conservation
Secure and widespread

Orange and black and famous for its resemblance to the monarch, the viceroy is told apart by a black line crossing each hindwing. Once thought a harmless mimic, it is now known to be distasteful in its own right.

It is a butterfly of wet meadows, streamsides, and marsh edges, where its willow and poplar hosts grow. Adults nectar on asters, goldenrods, and other flowers.

Viceroy caterpillar
The bird-dropping mimic caterpillar feeds on willow and poplar. CC0 · iNaturalist

Caterpillars, which also mimic bird droppings, feed on willows and poplars and overwinter as young larvae rolled in a leaf.

Plants for the viceroy

46 native plants with documented flower-visit records. Narrow with the filters below.

46 plants

Common yarrow complex1 of 2
Common yarrow complex Achillea millefolium
American trumpet vine1 of 2
American trumpet vine Campsis radicans
Butterfly milkweed1 of 2
Butterfly milkweed Asclepias tuberosa
Wild bergamot1 of 3
Wild bergamot Monarda fistulosa
Dense blazing star1 of 2
Dense blazing star Liatris spicata
Cardinal flower1 of 2
Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis
Buttonbush1 of 2
Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis
Northern blue flag1 of 2
Northern blue flag Iris versicolor
Common boneset1 of 2
Common boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum
New England aster1 of 2
New England aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae
Blue vervain1 of 2
Blue vervain Verbena hastata
Sweet Pepperbush1 of 2
Sweet Pepperbush Clethra alnifolia
Virgin's-bower
Virgin's-bower Clematis virginiana
Cup plant
Cup plant Silphium perfoliatum
Pearly everlasting1 of 3
Pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea
Rattlesnake master1 of 2
Rattlesnake master Eryngium yuccifolium
Coralberry1 of 2
Coralberry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus
Sundial Lupine1 of 2
Sundial Lupine Lupinus perennis
Carolina crane's-bill1 of 3
Carolina crane's-bill Geranium carolinianum
Culver's root
Culver's root Veronicastrum virginicum
Spreading dogbane1 of 2
Spreading dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium
Narrow-leaved purple coneflower1 of 2
Narrow-leaved purple coneflower Echinacea angustifolia
Golden ragwort1 of 2
Golden ragwort Packera aurea
Common wrinkle-leaved goldenrod1 of 2
Common wrinkle-leaved goldenrod Solidago rugosa
Common devil's-claw1 of 3
Common devil's-claw Proboscidea louisianica
Hoary vervain1 of 2
Hoary vervain Verbena stricta
Fringed loosestrife1 of 3
Fringed loosestrife Lysimachia ciliata
Spotted horsemint1 of 3
Spotted horsemint Monarda punctata
Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass1 of 3
Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Cut-leaved toothwort1 of 2
Cut-leaved toothwort Cardamine concatenata
Flat-topped goldenrod1 of 2
Flat-topped goldenrod Euthamia graminifolia
Prairie blazing star1 of 2
Prairie blazing star Liatris pycnostachya
Southern blue flag1 of 2
Southern blue flag Iris virginica
American alumroot
American alumroot Heuchera americana
Wild quinine1 of 2
Wild quinine Parthenium integrifolium
Whorled milkweed
Whorled milkweed Asclepias verticillata
Closed bottle gentian1 of 2
Closed bottle gentian Gentiana andrewsii
Narrowleaf mountainmint
Narrowleaf mountainmint Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
Flowering spurge
Flowering spurge Euphorbia corollata
Virginia mountain mint1 of 2
Virginia mountain mint Pycnanthemum virginianum
Rosepink1 of 2
Rosepink Sabatia angularis
Pale Indian plantain1 of 3
Pale Indian plantain Arnoglossum atriplicifolium
Showy goldenrod species complex1 of 2
Showy goldenrod species complex Solidago speciosa
Sweet black-eyed Susan1 of 3
Sweet black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia subtomentosa
Soapwort Gentian1 of 3
Soapwort Gentian Gentiana saponaria
Downy gentian1 of 2
Downy gentian Gentiana puberulenta

Sources